Imishinga yo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro

Trinity Metals ifite umushinga w’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye yagaciro ukorera mu mashami atatu mu Rwanda– ikirombe cya Rutongo , ikirombe cya Nyakabingo, n’ikirombe cya Musha. Harimo ibibanza bitatu byamabuye y’agaciro hamwe nibindi bitoya biherereye hafi y’ibibanza byambere.

Ahantu hose ducukura amabuye y’agaciro hakoreshwa hubahirijwe amategeko mpuzamahanga y’ubucukuzi kandi twubahiriza amahame akomeye y’ibidukikije. Ntabwo dukoresha uburozi cyangwa ibyangiza ibidukikije mugucukura amabuye yacu, ntanubwo ibirombe byacu bisohora ibintu nkibyo byangiza.

 

Amabuye yacu yose yaremejwe “nta makimbirane”-ibirombe byacu byujuje ibisabwa n’abagenzuzi bamabuye y’agaciro na amabwiriza ya OECD.

Ibirombe bya Rutongo biri mu birometero 26 mu majyaruguru ya Kigali. Igizwe n’ibirombe bitandatu bya gasegeleti aribyo- Gisanze, Masoro, Nyamyumba, Gasambya, Karambo na Mahaza. Zose hamwe, zirimo ububiko bwa gasegeleti nini muri Afrika.

 Ibirombe bya Rutongo bikora munsi y’uruhushya rw’imyaka 25 rwatangiye muri 2015. Biteganijwe ko irimo toni zigera ku 54.000 za gasegeleti ishobora kugarurwa. Kuri ubu hatanga umusaruro uri hagati ya toni 40 na 70 ku kwezi, biteganijwe ko ziziyongera kugera kuri toni 200 buri kwezi mu myaka itanu iri imbere.

Gucukura gasegeleti i Rutongo byatangiye mu 1931, kandi guhera mu 1940, ibirombe byahoraga bitanga toni 800 mu mwaka za gasegeleti. Mu myaka ya zo 1950, SOMUKI, isosiyete icukura amabuye y’agaciro yo mu Bubiligi, yari imaze guteza imbere iki kirombe mu ruganda runini rukora gasegeleti mu Rwanda.Mu 1973, guhuza ahahoze hacukurwa amabuye y’agaciro ya gikoroni byatumye havuka SOMIRWA (Société Des Mines Du Rwanda), umushinga waruhuriweho na guverinoma y’u Rwanda na GEOMINES.Iyi sosiyete icukura amabuye y’agaciro mu Bubiligi yakoreraga aho kugeza iseshwe muri 1986. Muri iki gihe, ibirombe byahawe ubwenegihugu kandi bigakoreshwa na REDEMI (Regie d’Exploitation et de Developpement des Mines).

 

Ibirombe byafunzwe mu 1994 igihe itsembabwoko ryakorewe abatutsi ryaberaga. Mu 1995 bongeye gufungura bayobowe na REDEMI nka koperative y’abacukuzi kugeza mu 2008, igihe guverinoma yongeye kubegurira abikorera.

Ikirombe cya Nyakabingo giherereye ku birometero 19 (kumuhanda) ugana mumajyaruguru y’uburengerazuba bwa Kigali mu Ntara y’Amajyaruguru, hafi yumudugudu wa Shyorongi. Iki kirombe gitanga toni zirenga 50 buri kwezi ikaba ifite uruhushya rw’imyaka 25 rwatangiye muri 2015.

Ubushakashatsi ku bucukuzi bw’ibirombe byagiye bikorwa kubera kwirundira hamwe kwibintu bitandukanye bizankwe n’amazi bwatangiye mu mpera za 1930, ariko nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose ni bwo hatangiye gucukurwa mu buryo bwemewe kandi buhoraho. Gucukura munsi yubutaka byatangiye nyuma mu 1960 bakora indani cyangwa imingoti yakorwaga bakurikirana ifiro y’ isarabwayi iteye nkuko umusozi uteye ( amabuye cyimeza) . Ayo mabuye yagaciro acukurwa hakorwa imyobo miremire itandukanywa n’umusozi ukomeye , Hari Kandi amafiro agenda bitandukanye nuko umusozi uteye acukurwa mu buryo bwo kuyimaramo .

Inganzo ya Musha-Ntunga (izwi nka Mine ya Musha) iherereye mu karere gakungahaye kuri gasegereti mu Rwanda – Akarere ka Rwamagana – mu birometero 45 uvuye Mujyi wa Kigali mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba.Nubwo ibikorwa bigizwe n’ibindi birombe bito byinshi, 95% by’umusaruro uva mu birombe bya Musha.

Mine itanga toni zigera kuri 20 buri kwezi za gasegereti, hamwe na Kolota nkeya iboneka mu duce twa Duha na Ntunga, ikaba ifite ruhushya rw’imyaka 25 rwatanzwe muri 2014 muri Piran Rwanda Limited. 

 

Iyi mine kandi irimo ubwoko bwiza bya Litiyumu iboneka muri Ntunga. haracyakorwa inyigo yimbitse kugirango hamenyekane uburyo bwiza yacukurwamo. 

Ubushakashatsi kuri Litiyumu

Igice cy’ingwa cya Ntunga gitanga icyizere n’amahirwe kuri  Trinity Metals. 

 

Mu mwaka wa 2018, hakozwe ubushakashatsi ku nganzo ya Ntunga ndetse bitanga ikigereranyo cya toni miliyoni 9 z’imvange ya Gasegeleti na Koluta iboneka mu ndiri nini y’ingwa.

 

Byongeye kandi, ikipe yavumbuye ibuye rya Litiyumu ku kigero cya 1.5% bya Litiyumu ivanze n’Umwuka (Li2O) iboneka mu buryo bukomatanyije bwitwa Sipodumene uhereye muri metero 80 z’uujyakuzimu. Ikipe y’ubushakashatsi kandi yagaragaje ikindi gice kiganjemo ubu bwoko bw’ibuye rya Litiyumu ku kigero cya 1% rya Litiyumu ivanzemo umwuka (Oxijene). 

 

Kubw’aya makuru meza y’ivumburwa ry’amabuye, ikipe yateguye ubundi bushakashatsi bwimbitse kugirango hagaragazwe ingano neza y’aya mabuye mu buryo bwa gihanga. hari amahirwe ko hari indiri nini kw’isi y’amabuye ya Litiyumu-Gasegeleti na Koluta mu gihugu cyiza gitekanye gikataje mw’iterambere. Trinity rero irajwe ishinga no gushakashaka iyi ndiri y’amabuye mu gihe cya vuba. dufite icyizere ko vuba dukora imirimo ya nyuma isobanura uburyo bwo kuyacukura.